Why Prairies Unfold and Gently Reveal – Finding Delight in the Discovery

Why Prairies Unfold and Gently Reveal – Finding Delight in the Discovery

Why Prairies Unfold and Gently Reveal – Finding Delight in the Discovery

Photo and piece by Brent J. Anderson, Minnesota Oak Savanna Chapter member

March 20, 2026

“I still don’t understand,” she said, scanning the five acres in front of us. “I get hummingbirds all the time near the house. Why not out here yet?” It was a fair question. Her traditional garden beds, tucked close to the house, buzzed with life. But the prairie reconstruction — now in its early years — felt quieter by comparison. Not empty. Just… young. “And the meadowlarks,” she continued. “They’re known to nest within five miles. You’d think at least one would check this place out.”

We stood at the edge of the field, the mid-July sun warming the grasses. Around the perimeter, the bluebird boxes she had carefully installed waited with patient optimism. “They’ll come,” I said. “You’ve picked the right milestones. They’re just operating on prairie time.” She gave me the look I’ve seen many times from new prairie builders — the look that mixes hope with the faint suspicion that nature might be ignoring their carefully laid plans.

Shifting the Lens
I reassured her that her goals were sound. Hummingbirds, meadowlarks and nesting bluebirds are meaningful indicators of a maturing ecosystem, and eventually many of them will arrive. Some may appear in a few years. Others may take decades. That is not pessimism. That is prairie reality.

Then I suggested something different. “Let’s hunt for Easter eggs,” I said.

She laughed. “In July?”

“In prairie work,” I told her, “the small discoveries are the big wins — if you train yourself to see them.” Her expression shifted from frustration to curiosity, which is exactly the turn you hope for. “I bet the orb weavers are out today,” I added.

“What’s an orb weaver?”

“Big spiders – especially big in September,” I said. “But start by looking small. Move slowly. Intentionally.

The First Discovery
We had barely gone twenty yards before she stopped. “What is this?” Nestled among the young grasses was a delicate little plant with star-shaped, pale-blue flowers.

Instead of answering, I handed her a new assignment. “Download iNaturalist,” I said. “You’re going to identify it yourself.” There was some good-natured grumbling, followed by several minutes of crouching, photographing and squinting at her phone.

Then her face lit up. “Blue-eyed grass!”

“Yes,” I said. “Good job!”

She looked back at the plant, then at me. “Did we include that in the original seed mix?”

“You planted it,” I reminded her. “It was one of the six species I gave you a few Christmases ago. You frost-seeded it a few days after the holidays.” That earned a wide grin — and our first pair of dirtied knees, always a promising sign during a prairie walk.

Spiders and Small Victories
We did find the spiders — just not immediately. A banded garden spider hung in its web, far more intimidating at first glance than in reality. She circled it cautiously, then leaned closer to take photos. As she studied it, I shared why many Indigenous cultures viewed orb weavers with respect — symbols of patience, persistence and careful craftsmanship. The story seemed to settle her nerves. What began as hesitation turned into genuine fascination. More importantly, her attention sharpened. She began to slow down, scan more deliberately and notice details that would have slipped past her an hour earlier.

That shift opened the door.

The Prairie Begins to Reveal Itself
The discoveries began stacking up. “Leopard frogs? Out here?” she asked, genuinely surprised. “Away from water?”

“Isn’t that cool?” I replied. “They’ve got what they need — food, shade, moisture. Have you ever seen them on this part of your land before?”

“Never.”

“That’s a win,” I said. “A legitimate mini-milestone! Your ‘insect buffet’ is clearly improving.” From there, the pace grew purposeful. Insects she had never noticed before appeared in the grasses. We paused often, crouching low with phones out, identifying one species after another. As the sun climbed higher, the butterflies arrived on cue. One fluttered near my shoulder then onto a stem, and I managed a close photo. “Common Checkered-Skipper,” I said, showing her the screen.

She leaned in — and then let out a delighted shriek when she saw the detail. “I had no idea something like that was even here.” Moments later she spotted the metallic flash of a pure green sweat bee. That one stopped her cold. “It doesn’t even look real,” she whispered.

“These show up when things are headed the right direction,” I told her. “I am a little surprised you haven’t seen them near the house.” She shook her head slowly, scanning the prairie again.

“There’s just so much more to find and see out here.”

Exactly.

The Ripple Effect
What happened next may have been the most important milestone of the day. Her discoveries created momentum. Within a week she was bringing her kids out to look for what they started calling “prairie Easter eggs.” Soon after, neighbors were invited to walk the field. Even her elderly parents — armed with canes and walkers — joined slow, careful hikes along the edges.

She wasn’t just observing anymore. She was sharing what she was learning, pointing out plants, explaining insects and celebrating each new find with the enthusiasm of someone who had crossed an invisible threshold.

Watching that unfold was deeply rewarding for me, because it signaled something profound. The prairie was already doing its quiet work — not just in the soil and stems but in the people connected to it.

The Quiet Truth About Prairie Work:
Prairie reconstruction is not a single finish line; it is a long unfolding process measured in decades rather than seasons. The hummingbirds will come. As wild bergamot, columbine and early figwort continue to establish and expand, nectar resources will improve and the odds will steadily shift in her favor. The meadowlarks may come too — but perhaps not on her preferred timeline.

And that is the deeper lesson prairies teach all of us.

We are not the true managers of these systems. At best, we are careful guides and patient caretakers. Weather patterns, soil microbes, plant succession and a fair measure of luck all play their parts. Even under excellent stewardship, a full, mature prairie community may take 25 to 50 years to fully express itself.

That reality can frustrate us or it can free us.

When you learn to celebrate the in-between milestones — the unexpected frog, the first sweat bee, the tiny forb you almost missed — you begin to experience the prairie the way it actually unfolds. Not as a destination you control but as a living system you have the privilege to witness. The big milestones will come in time.

But the sustaining joy is found along the way.

 

Minnesota Oak Savanna Chapter of The Prairie Enthusiasts

Our Chapter includes the Minnesota counties of Anoka, Carver, Dakota, Hennepin, Isanti, Ramsey, Scott, Sherburne and Wright Counties. While our Chapter prioritizes identification and management of remnant fire-dependent systems, many times we’re actively involved in restoration work – especially in creating buffers around existing remnants, or assisting landowners committed to re-creating prairies on their properties. We’re actively seeking new members committed to the protection and care of prairie remnants, managing prairies through prescribed fire, restoring degraded prairies, building new prairies and/or excited to learn about prairie projects in their own communities. We invite you to subscribe to our Chapter updates and become a member. Learn more about the Minnesota Oak Savanna Chapter here.

About The Prairie Enthusiasts 

The Prairie Enthusiasts is an accredited land trust that seeks to ensure the perpetuation and recovery of prairie, oak savanna, and other fire-dependent ecosystems of the Upper Midwest through protection, management, restoration, and education. In doing so, they strive to work openly and cooperatively with private landowners and other private and public conservation groups. Their management and stewardship centers on high-quality remnants, which contain nearly all the components of endangered prairie communities. 

Monitoring Bat Activity Following  Prairie Savanna Restoration

Monitoring Bat Activity Following Prairie Savanna Restoration

Monitoring Bat Activity Following Prairie Savanna Restoration 

Article and Photos by Robert J. Marquis, St. Croix Valley Chapter

March 3, 2025

Volunteer Joe Fusilier placing a bat acoustic recorder on a tree to monitor bat activity at Alexander Oak Savanna, June 2025.

Bats Are In Trouble

Bats provide many important ecosystem services, including the control of crop insect pests.1 They may consume insects equal to 9-12% of their body mass in a single evening of foraging.2 Bat populations, however, have been declining due to habitat destruction, pesticides, collisions with windmills and, most recently and most precipitously, due to the white-nose syndrome. In response to increasing number of crop pest insects following predator release, farmers in the eastern U.S. have increased their use of pesticides. This has resulted in an average 7.9% increase in human infant mortality in counties that have experienced bat die-offs.3

 

We Collected Baseline Data in 2025

Bats use echolocation to find food, especially flying insects, and to avoid collisions with foliage and woody vegetation. There is mounting evidence that invasion of natural habitat by woody plant species can decrease activity of bats. If the invasive plants are tall and dense enough, the habitat can become too “cluttered” for bats to navigate, forcing them forage elsewhere. In June and August, 2025,  with the help of fellow Prairie Enthusiasts Denise Thiede, Joe Fusilier, Jay Arneson and Peter Leete, I used bat acoustic recording equipment to monitor activity of bats in Alexander Oak Savanna and in restoration plots along the Kinnickinnic River in River Hills Park in River Falls, WI. The goal was to collect baseline data on bat activity and species composition to understand how habitat restoration influences these important components of terrestrial ecosystems. 

Results at Alexander Oak Savanna

We placed four acoustic recorders in June at the Alexander Oak Savanna, a 42-acre parcel that has been the object of restoration efforts since 1999 by the St. Croix Valley Chapter. During the week of June 16, 2025, we recorded activity by four species of bats: big brown bats (threatened in Wisconsin), eastern red bats (species of special concern in Wisconsin), hoary bats (species of special concern in Wisconsin) and little brown bats (threatened in Wisconsin). 

Results at River Hills Park

In August of 2025, we placed acoustic recorders in four plots along the Kinnickinnic River in River Hills Park that had been cleared of “old growth” buckthorn (Rhamnus carthartica) and four neighboring control plots highly congested with buckthorn. Buckthorn had invaded the riverside approximately 50 years ago. Many of the buckthorn plants removed were 25-30 feet tall. We tested the hypothesis that buckthorn plants were tall enough and dense enough to reduce the ability of bats to navigate and to find food. This research appears to be the first experimental study to test the impact of invasive plant species removal on bat activity. In addition, there appear to be no previous surveys of bat activity along the entire Kinnickinnic River (C. Trosen, pers. comm.).  

Our initial data from the Kinnickinnic River plots show that all four species of bats found at Alexander Oak Savanna also occur along the river, but in addition, silver-haired bats were recorded in riverside plots. More importantly, our initial results show that bat activity was 2-5 times higher in plots from which buckthorn was removed compared to neighboring plots with intact buckthorn canopies. We will repeat surveys during the summer of 2026, with the goal of sampling throughout the summer and in an increased number of paired plots.  

Denise Thiede, St. Croix Valley Chapter volunteer, attaching a microphone cable to an acoustic bat recorder in River Hills Park, River Falls, WI. The recording equipment consists of a microphone on a five foot pole, attached by a microphone cable to the recorder, which is encased in a water proof box and cabled to a tree.

Bats Respond Positively to Restoration

This research is sponsored by the St. Croix Valley Chapter, the City of River Falls, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and tens of volunteers who helped remove buckthorn. Our approach is akin to that taking place across the planet in which bird response to habitat restoration is being monitored using song-recording equipment. 

Bats are a less obvious component of the natural landscape compared to birds, because bats are active when most humans are sleeping and make sounds mostly inaudible to us. However, bats are certainly no less important in their contribution to ecosystem services compared to birds; some studies show bats actually consume significantly more insects from leaf surfaces than do insectivorous birds at the same location.4,5 Our preliminary results suggest that efforts to restore prairies and savanna habitat in the Wisconsin-Minnesota region may increase bat activity and the ecosystem services that they provide. 

 

Thanks to Many Who Helped

We thank the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, St. Croix Wetland Management District, for the loan of their equipment; Veronica Bauer, Jill Utrup, Chris Trosen, and Alex Bouthilet for training, logistics, equipment loan, and recording analyses; Evanne Hunt for support and leadership; the City of River Falls, WI, for logistical and financial support; John Lampe for pointing out the New York Times article; and the many volunteers who helped clear buckthorn from experimental plots.

References

1. Frank, E.G., 2024. The economic impacts of ecosystem disruptions: Costs from substituting biological pest control. Science, 385: 6713.

 2. Kalka, M.B., Smith, A.R. & Kalko, E.K.V. 2008. Bats limit arthropods and herbivory in a tropical forest. Science 320: 71.

 3. Kunz, T. H., E. Braun de Torrez, D. Bauer, T. Lobova,
T. H. Fleming. 2011. Ecosystem services provided by bats. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1223, 1–38.

4. Moiseienko, M. and Vlaschenko, A., 2021. Quantitative evaluation of individual food intake by insectivorous vespertilionid bats (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae). Biology open, 10, p.bio058511.

 5. Williams-Guillén, K., Perfecto, I. & Vandermeer, J. 2008. Bats limit insects in a Neotropical agroforestry system. Science320: 70.

This article appeared in the Spring 2026 edition of The Prairie Promoter, a publication of news, art and writing from The Prairie Enthusiasts community. Explore the full collection and learn how to submit your work here

About The Prairie Enthusiasts 

The Prairie Enthusiasts is an accredited land trust that seeks to ensure the perpetuation and recovery of prairie, oak savanna, and other fire-dependent ecosystems of the Upper Midwest through protection, management, restoration, and education. In doing so, they strive to work openly and cooperatively with private landowners and other private and public conservation groups. Their management and stewardship centers on high-quality remnants, which contain nearly all the components of endangered prairie communities. 

Volunteer Spotlight: Gary Eldred

Volunteer Spotlight: Gary Eldred

Volunteer Spotlight: Gary Eldred

Article by Kay Wienke, Southwest Wisconsin Chapter Board Representative

November 17, 2025

Gary Eldred is the volunteer every organization yearns to have in their membership. He has spent 50 years of his life dedicated to prairie restoration and The Prairie Enthusiasts. He was instrumental in the discovery of the organization’s first prairie (Muralt Bluff Prairie), participated in the first burn there in 1975 and several since. He is also credited with helping to find and acquire  several other prairies for the organization. To discover prairie remnants, Gary has conducted surveys in over a dozen Wisconsin counties and three counties in Iowa.

His service on the ground is legendary. He served as site steward for several prairies at one time, conducting weekly work parties with an experienced group of volunteers. He served as President of the early Southwest Prairie Enthusiasts for its first five years. When the group became The Prairie Enthusiasts in 1993, he served as the organization’s President for 10 years. He continues to serve as Emeritus on the The Prairie Enthusiasts Board and regularly attends the Southwest Wisconsin Chapter meetings, presentations and workdays.

His artwork is an accurate, beautiful representation of nature and prairie species. In 1989, his drawing of a meadowlark on a fence became the organizational logo and continues to this day. Historically his art was sold at Chapter banquets to raise funds for the work of the organization.

All this work and dedication to prairies resulted in Gary Eldred being inducted into the Wisconsin Conservation Hall of Fame in 2021. Thomas Hunt, Southwest Wisconsin Chapter Member, describes him as “a renaissance man—artist, writer, scientist, organizer and leader.”

Gary indicates that when he had a job, it was to support his habit of discovering and preserving prairies. He has spent more hours than can be counted dedicated to prairies and The Prairie Enthusiasts. Gary Eldred is the example we can all strive to become! Thank you, Gary, for your lifelong service!

Gary Eldred standing by a boundary sign with the meadowlark illustration he created. Photo by Tim Eisele.

This article appeared in the Fall 2025 edition of The Prairie Promoter, a publication of news, art and writing from The Prairie Enthusiasts community. Explore the full collection and learn how to submit your work here

About The Prairie Enthusiasts 

The Prairie Enthusiasts is an accredited land trust that seeks to ensure the perpetuation and recovery of prairie, oak savanna, and other fire-dependent ecosystems of the Upper Midwest through protection, management, restoration, and education. In doing so, they strive to work openly and cooperatively with private landowners and other private and public conservation groups. Their management and stewardship centers on high-quality remnants, which contain nearly all the components of endangered prairie communities. 

How It’s Made: Parsnip Predators

How It’s Made: Parsnip Predators

How It’s Made: Parsnip Predators

Summer 2024 Chapter Update by Rebecca Gilman and Charles Harmon. Photos by Rebecca Gilman.

Nick Faessler, Jerry Newman, Den Oostdik, Chris Roberts, Fred Faessler and Tom Mitchell with a crate of finished Predators

What’s a Prairie Enthusiast to do when the skies of February turn gloomy? Members of the Prairie Bluff Chapter spent the short days of winter—as they have for years—producing the tool that tames the nightmare that is wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa). 

If you’re lucky enough not to know it, wild parsnip is an aggressive invasive that spreads like wildfire and burns like it too. Handling the plant without proper protection can be dangerous. If an unsuspecting weed-puller gets sap from wild parsnip on their skin and the sap is then exposed to UV light, it causes phytophotodermatitis, or burn-like blisters. That’s the scenario that faced George and Kay Barry, stewards of a prairie planting at Honey Creek Park in Monroe, WI, in the early 1990’s. Presented with a field full of parsnip, Kay turned to The Prairie Enthusiasts for help. 

As chapter member Rob Baller recalls, “I contacted Mark Martin, (of the Wisconsin DNR), and asked how the State Natural Area crew treated parsnip. He told me that crew members sharpen spades, and on prairie remnants they jab the plant a couple inches from the base, angling the blade so it intercepts and slices the root an inch or two below-ground. Then, with gloves on, they pull out the severed plant. A parsnip with the root crown so severed will not resprout.” 

Rob took Mark Martin’s idea and ran with it, straight back to his workbench. Using scrap metal, the handle from an old snow shovel, and plenty of nuts and bolts, he fashioned the prototype of what we now call the “Parsnip Predator.” After trying it out, “Kay was all smiles,” Rob says.   “’Can you make more of these?’ she asked.”   

Rob turned to Nick and Fred Faessler and asked the brothers if they thought the tool could be put into mass production. Another chapter member, Julia O’Reilly, saw commercial potential in the tool and volunteered to be the implement’s first dealer. Nick and Fred retired to Nick’s shop and began experimenting. Eventually, they settled on a modified number two shovel with a notched blade as the best design. The tool allows users to cut the parsnip root crown and is strong enough to pry the parsnip out of the ground once severed.  (“Everyone wants to pry,” Rob notes.) 

Nick Faessler remembers that they made the first batch of 30 Parsnip Predators with no idea of whether or not any of them would sell. The predator was an instant hit, however. Over the years, the Prairie Bluff Chapter saw sales increase yearly and shipped the tool from coast-to-coast. Now sales and shipping are handled by The Prairie Enthusiasts awesome staff in Viroqua, with Prairie Bluff Chapter and the organization as a whole sharing the profits. 

Nick Faessler cuts Predator blades

Chris Roberts secures handles

This past February, a visitor to Nick’s shop witnessed what is now a well-oiled, Parsnip Predator assembly line. Nick begins the process by cutting a notched tip in the shovel’s blade with a plasma-cutter. At the next station, the rivets that attach the shovel’s handle to the blade are ground off so that the handle can be turned 90-degrees and carefully aligned. During the next step, a new hole is drilled in the handle and a bolt is inserted, tightened and ground downAnother group of volunteers then polishes the sharp edges on the blade and applies a protective coating of paint. The final step is to brand the handle of each shovel with the registered “Parsnip Predator” trademark. (The “Parsnip Predator” moniker was coined by Rob Baller’s landlord and adopted in lieu of another suggestion, “The Root Canaller.”) 

The group of volunteers on hand in Nick’s shop that day made the work look easy. But take it from that visitor who briefly wielded a power tool herself, crafting a Parsnip Predator is not as easy as it looks. Only through years of working together have the volunteers on hand that day—Nick Faessler, Chris Roberts, Billy Eisenhuth, Fred Faessler, Jackson Lancaster, Tom Mitchell, Todd Argall, John Ochsner, Steve Hubner, Den Oostdik and Jerry Newman—created a seamless system that was beautiful to behold.   

Over the years, sales of the Parsnip Predator have not only helped to eradicate a noxious invasive, they’ve also helped to preserve and protect the prairies we cherish. If you’re not already a proud owner of a predator, consider purchasing one today. Every Parsnip Predator is handmade in Wisconsin, with love. 

John Ochsner applies protective coats of paint

Den Oostdik grinds off the original bolts

This article appeared in the Summer 2024 edition of The Prairie Promoter, a publication of news, art and writing from The Prairie Enthusiasts community. Explore the full collection and learn how to submit your work here.

Positive Changes on Pleasant Bluff

Positive Changes on Pleasant Bluff

Positive Changes on Pleasant Bluff

Story by Eric Ressel, Minnesota Driftless Chapter volunteer 

Drone image of prescribed burn at Pleasant Bluff.

As I approached Pleasant Bluff, just south of Winona, MN, I asked myself if this was the same location I visited a few years earlier, since this hillside was once densely infested with an onslaught of buckthorn and encroaching eastern red cedars. Since then, the Minnesota Driftless Chapter of The Prairie Enthusiasts has contributed substantially to ecological restoration on this impressive prairie remnant. Over 18 acres along the spine of this formidable bluff, which sits above the banks of the Mississippi River, have been restored due to the diligent, hard work from folks like Gabe Ericksen, who has spent countless hours traversing the steep terrain to cut and remove the cedars, eradicate invasive brush, and implement numerous prescribed burns over the years. Gabe is a restoration practitioner through his contracting business, Land Spirit Design Landscaping, and he has been the tip of the restoration spear on Pleasant Bluff, assisted by the landowners and the Minnesota Driftless Chapter.

At a mid-March occasion in 2023, a diverse crew was assembled to assist Gabe with an 11-acre prescribed burn on this precipitous goat prairie. Thirty people of all ages and backgrounds, from children to seniors, joined together to conduct a safe and successful prescribed burn. Many of the participants were members of the Minnesota Driftless Chapter of The Prairie Enthusiasts, but many of the participants weren’t. A substantive way in which the Minnesota Driftless Chapter of The Prairie Enthusiasts contributed to the burn was by loaning the Chapter’s prescribed burn equipment to Gabe for the day’s burn.

The slope of this lofty bluff approaches 60% and is nothing short of intimidating. On this day, thanks to restoration efforts, the fuel-bed consisted primarily of native warm-season grasses and wildflowers, with some scattered pockets of shrubs. The climb up the mowed firebreak was grueling for the whole group. At the top, along the ridge overlooking the Mississippi River, Steve Winter having been designated as the burn boss by Gabe, provided the crew with an overview of why we burn such fire-dependent ecosystems, and he demonstrated fire behavior on steep terrain. He also highlighted numerous safety considerations, such as tumbling rocks and tripping hazards. Steve educated the group on the importance of clear communication, being familiar with the weather and environmental conditions, such as the optimal wind direction and humidity, and being aware of the safety zones and escape routes at this particular site. Once everyone confirmed they were comfortable implementing the burn, we broke into several smaller crews that were positioned along the ridge and others down the steep firebreak on the northwestern side. 

 

From the ridge we patiently waited for the progression of the fire from the ignition point, which was slow-going due to the calm conditions. My crew discussed strategy and stayed in contact with Steve and Gabe over the radio. We kept a careful watch as the gradually growing flames moved diagonally down the hillside. However, with barely a breeze the fire crept ever slowly, so Steve instructed me and fellow member Bill Hovell to ignite a shirt strip fire directly down the slope, which allowed the flames to spread more quickly in both lateral directions in the dense Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans), side-oats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula), and little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium). Bill and I worked our way down the steep slope towards the county road on the lower edge of the prairie where we rendezvoused with our other crew members, whom I literally passed the torch to so they could get some ignition experience. It was in that moment that I watched my greener group members become less fearful, and more comfortable and excited to use fire as an ecological tool! 

In the meantime, another crew worked the line along the northern edge of the burn unit as the flames continued to consume the fuel down the slope. In the heat of the moment, the landowner, Paul Richards, was able to capture some stunning drone footage. I wondered what the children, who were positioned in a safety zone at the top of the ridge, and upwind from the fire, were thinking as they watched the fire grow from a safe distance. I’m sure this experience proved to be exhilarating, educational, and memorable for them. Along with the children, I hoped our new participants and the students that attended Steve’s burn school would also be inspired to continue with the restoration legacy. 

Volunteer Gabe Ericksen burning. Photo by Laurie Arzaga.

Our crew continued to walk along the lower edge. We eventually met up with Gabe and his partner, and we extended the line as far east as possible. As the heat intensified above us and behind us, we ducked down into the refuge of a safety zone represented by a buckthorn thicket, which had little flammable fuel on the ground, as the flames progressed through the portions of the burn unit. I turned around and gave a gleeful smile as the sweltering flames made contact with many stems of the aggressive woody plants that are constantly trying to establish in prairies such as the one we were burning that day. We then moved again to our county road safety zone farther below, which we followed back to meet the main group. Gabe once again targeted the buckthorn as he ignited the strip of vegetation along the roadside edge, allowing the fire to burn up the slope and make contact with many buckthorn stems. We allowed the fire to spread up the slope into a grove of old white oaks that will surely benefit from the fire with more space to stretch their limbs.

We met to start mopping up and to review the outcome of the successful burn. Most of the group members then left, but I was greatly impressed by those devoted enthusiasts who decided to stay well into the evening. Gabe and Josh Lallaman led this late-night effort, which was carefully supervised into the early morning hours, and they were able to effectively burn an additional 3-acre area. The night burn looked equally serene and intensely dramatic. To me, this illuminating scene was the perfect illustration of the power of fire. It showed why prescribed burning promotes creation through destruction, making it an essential tool to encourage natural rejuvenation and regrowth, which helps to maintain prairies and savannas by preventing their conversion to other vegetation communities. Once again, demonstrating that fire is the ultimate management method to set back undesirable invasive vegetation, while stimulating the growth and reproduction of native grasses and wildflowers.  

As I drove south to head home along the mighty river, I reflected on the progress of this goat prairie from its previous poor condition, choked by buckthorn, to a thriving, fully functional ecosystem that is driven and dependent on fire. Now this unique ecological community can thrive in the southwestern-facing sunshine, while supporting an array of rare plant and animal species. I contemplated the logistics and timeframe for completing restoration efforts on similar sites, since the majority of the goat prairies in the Driftless Area, along with associated oak savannas and woodlands, have become degraded in part because of altered fire regimes. I thought of the historic photos portraying a landscape where trees weren’t as abundant along the Mississippi River Valley. Those historic conditions were largely due to frequent landscape burning by Indigenous Peoples. As Indigenous Peoples were displaced by European Americans, Indigenous land stewardship practices like prescribed burning were also displaced. Fires were often viewed as harmful by European Americans, and woody vegetation increased greatly in the Driftless Area, including on Pleasant Bluff. With the increasing prevalence of woody vegetation, including invasive species such as buckthorn, we’re witnessing a correlated decline in health of rare plant communities and an overall decrease in plant diversity.

“It made me proud to be a part of such an ambitious chapter of like-minded, well-educated enthusiasts who are passionate about ecological restoration and conservation education.”

The Pleasant Bluff prescribed burn was just one example of how dedicated members of the Minnesota Driftless Chapter are eager to save ecosystems. Their tireless restoration work, outreach efforts and mentorship are also an inspiration for others. It made me proud to be part of such an ambitious chapter of like-minded, well-educated enthusiasts who are passionate about ecological restoration and conservation education.

I want to thank the Pleasant Bluff landowners, Paul and Melissa (Missy) Richards, for their ongoing involvement and enthusiasm for the restoration and management of Pleasant Bluff. Their commitment to conservation and stewardship of the beautiful bluff prairies, woodlands, and oak savannas on their Winona County property is exemplary. Missy summarizes the continual progress of their beloved prairie: “We have deep appreciation for all the collaborative work between The Prairie Enthusiasts volunteers, experts in the field, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Land Spirit Design Landscaping. We recognize and appreciate being a part of something so much bigger than us. It gives us the opportunity to showcase the importance and impact of land restoration to our neighbors, family and friends. The ability to have a community partner with us on this journey makes Pleasant Bluff so much better.”

 

You, too, can follow their inspirational journey on the Richards’ Instagram page (@pleasantbluff_winonamn). Since the burn last spring, with help from Gabe, the Richards have continued their brush management efforts to lessen the buckthorn pressure across additional areas on the bluff. They have also documented dozens of native wildflowers on the bluff and often find new species. We encourage you to follow the Minnesota Driftless Chapter Facebook page to learn what additional prescribed burns and restoration efforts will take place.

I’ll be thrilled for the opportunity to return to this unique and productive dry bluff prairie to work once again with our devoted chapter members and these dedicated landowners, and to observe the positive and dynamic changes to this ecological gem along the river. On behalf of the Minnesota Driftless Chapter, we hope you can come join us.

Seven people and a dog gathered around a table and smiling at the camera.

Nighttime prescribed burn mop-up. Photo by Joshua Lallaman.

This article appeared in the Spring 2024 edition of  The Prairie Promoter, a publication of news, art and writing from The Prairie Enthusiasts community. Explore the full collection and learn how to submit your work here

Springtime Magic

Springtime Magic

Springtime Magic

Story and Art by Joe Maurer, Multimedia Artist, Chippewa Savannas Chapter Member

Dower Prairie Shooting Stars

Two springs ago, I got a call from Steve Hubner from the Prairie Bluff chapter. Joe you gotta get down here and see the blooms of these shooting stars.Steve specifically wanted me to create videos that would showcase the extravagant floral displays found in Butenhoff Prairie, Dower’s and Muralt Prairies, all of which had recently been burned earlier in spring of 2022.As is typical for me when I go to these landscapes, I tend to be a tad drifty. I am either hyper-focused on something or I want to see it all.A Prairie Enthusiast knows there really is no way to properly capture the life of the prairie. Its a highly personal experience.You just have to be there and let the landscape direct you.

Shooting with high frame rates to capture slow motion, I spent a lot of my time chasing queen bumblebees.With my camera on a long stick, I looked a bit like somebody with a metal detector obsession searching for treasures.Steve noticed my odd behavior and more than once remarked that I get overview shots to make sure people see and understand the expansiveness of the floral displays.”

When I got back home, I edited together footage that captured some of what I felt.The videos were good, but there was still another feeling I was trying to get to. In my restlessness to find that feeling, I printed out frames from the videos and taped them together on the walls of my art studio. I spent the next year and a half working on a dozen five-to-six-foot paintings derived from the film stills.I wanted that feeling of being at ground level where queen bees collect spring pollen and badgers forage.I am happy to share some of the outcomes of these efforts.   

My gratitude to Steve Hubner and Mary Zimmerman for the support during this project. Prairie Bluff and Southwest Chapters: thank you for keeping the magic alive in these landscape jewels we call prairies!   

Check out the videos mentioned in this article here:

Dower Prairie

Butenhoff Prairie

Muralt Prairie

To experience the magic of prairies firsthand, visit one of our protected sites.

This article appeared in the Summer 2024 edition of The Prairie Promoter, a publication of news, art and writing from The Prairie Enthusiasts community. Explore the full collection and learn how to submit your work here.

Dower’s Prairie

Nederland

Butenhoff Prairie 

Gentians of Eau Claire