Blue Sky Botany – April

Blue Sky Botany – April

Botanist and early The Prairie Enthusiasts member Rob Baller created this series for our friends at Blue Mounds Area Project. The “blue sky” technique is Rob’s favorite for taking stunning plant photographs. Let him know what you think at robertballer@outlook.com.

ALWAYS get permission from the property owner if you want to try this technique.

 

Pasqueflower (Anemone patens)

Six pale lavender petals are borne at the top of a 3-6-inch fuzzy stalk. (Botanically, they are 3 petals and 3 sepals, but are nearly indistinguishable.) A ruff of fuzzy segments wraps the stalk below the bloom. As blooms fade, the first true leaves sprout. They are finely cut, a twisted hand of ribbon segments. Seed heads form on the stalks a month later, appearing like dandelion fluff. Pasques are northern cool-weather creatures and disappear from view by June. They grow only on the driest ground, in full sun.

Pasques emerging in April.

Pasqueflowers in bloom.

Blue sky pasqueflower and the hand of Rob.

Pasqueflower seed heads.

Buttercup (Ranunculus fascicularis, R. rhomboideus)

Early spring prairies may sport two dainty buttercups. The first is early buttercup (R. fascicularis). It’s common in lightly wooded pastures and lawns. The yellow blooms form a toothy grin of 5-7 well-spaced petals. Plants are ankle high or taller. Leaves are dissected and sprawl in a loose, haphazard rosette surrounding the upright flowering stalks. Seeds form a cluster of scale-like, hooked plates.

The second is prairie buttercup (R. rhomboideus). It’s restricted to dry prairies and is quite uncommon. While it may appear frustratingly similar to early buttercup, the trick is to search for any wide (rhomboidal) leaves near the base. If you find any, you have the rarer species. If you don’t, you may still have the rarer species, just without positive ID.

Blue sky early buttercup.

Confirmed R. rhomboideus specimen.

The Parsnip Predator: Handy and Homegrown

The Parsnip Predator: Handy and Homegrown

If you’re not familiar with the Parsnip Predator, you’re missing out!

Invented and produced by members of The Prairie Enthusiasts’ Prairie Bluff Chapter, the Parsnip Predator is a tool designed for prairie invaders like wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) and burdock (Arctium minus). It has gone through a few changes over the years, but it’s still just as useful for tackling taproots.

Now’s the time to “gear up” for another season of restoring healthy prairies. Visit our eStore and get your own Predator in time for the first wave of parsnip!

Thanks to The Prairie Enthusiasts volunteer Nick Faessler for the use of his workshop to create these useful tools, and for these photos showing the process.

Volunteer Gary Kleppe sharpens the notched blade of a Predator.

Once the Predators are branded, they’re ready to go!

Blue Sky Botany – April

2021 Photo Contest Winners

A conference tradition continues! The online format of our 2021 conference let TPE’s amazing photographers show off their work to more people than ever. Read on to see who won.

We received entries in five categories: people, seasons, flora/fauna, landscape and wabi-sabi (the beauty of transience or imperfection). Avid photographer and contest judge Jerry Newman narrowed each category down to one photo (thanks, Jerry!). During the conference, attendees voted for their favorite to pick the ultimate winner.

 

In the People category: “What Pandemic?” by Rob Baller

 

In the Seasons category: “December at Dower Prairie” by Steve Hubner

 

In the Flora/Fauna category: “Great Spangled Fritillary on Hill’s Thistle” by Eric Preston

 

In the Wabi-Sabi category: untitled photo by Ben Behrens

 

In the Landscape category: “Sedge Meadow Wildflowers” by Gary Shackelford

 

Congrats to STEVE HUBNER for taking first place! Look for his photo on the cover of our next Prairie Promoter newsletter.

 

Blue Sky Botany – April

Our Winter Reading List

Updated 12/5/2024

 

Pour some coffee, curl up in your favorite chair, and delve into these books written by members and friends of The Prairie Enthusiasts!

Is there a book that should be on this list?  If you’re an author writing about ecology, or have a favorite Prairie Enthusiasts author you want to share with the world, reach out at info@theprairieenthusiasts.org.

 

Braiding Sweetgrass by Robin Wall Kimmerer

Robin was a featured speaker at our annual conference in 2021!

“As a botanist, Robin Wall Kimmerer has been trained to ask questions of nature with the tools of science. As a member of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, she embraces the notion that plants and animals are our oldest teachers… In a rich braid of reflections that range from the creation of Turtle Island to the forces that threaten its flourishing today, she circles toward a central argument: that the awakening of a wider ecological consciousness requires the acknowledgment and celebration of our reciprocal relationship with the rest of the living world. For only when we can hear the languages of other beings will we be capable of understanding the generosity of the earth, and learn to give our own gifts in return.” (text from Milkweed Editions)

Gathering Moss by Robin Wall Kimmerer

“In this series of linked personal essays, Robin Wall Kimmerer leads general readers and scientists alike to an understanding of how mosses live and how their lives are intertwined with the lives of countless other beings. Kimmerer explains the biology of mosses clearly and artfully, while at the same time reflecting on what these fascinating organisms have to teach us. Drawing on her diverse experiences as a scientist, mother, teacher, and writer of Native American heritage, Kimmerer explains the stories of mosses in scientific terms as well as in the framework of indigenous ways of knowing. In her book, the natural history and cultural relationships of mosses become a powerful metaphor for ways of living in the world.” (text from OSU Press)

 

Hidden Prairie by Chris Helzer

Chris gave the keynote address and led a photography workshop at our annual conference in 2021.

Chris Helzer illustrates the beauty and diversity of prairie through an impressive series of photographs, all taken within the same square meter of prairie. During his year-long project, he photographed 113 plant and animal species within a tiny plot, and captured numerous other images that document the splendor of diverse grasslands. Even readers familiar with prairies will be fascinated by the varied subject matter Helzer captured with his camera. In addition, his captivating and accessible natural history writing tells the story of his personal journey during the project and the stories of the characters he found within his chosen square meter of prairie.” (text from University of Iowa Press)

The Ecology and Management of Prairies in the Central United States by Chris Helzer

Grasslands can be found throughout much of North America, and the ideas and strategies in this book apply to most of them, particularly tallgrass and mixed grass prairies in eastern North Dakota, eastern South Dakota, eastern Nebraska, eastern Kansas, eastern Oklahoma, northwestern Missouri, northern Illinois, northwestern Indiana, Iowa, southwestern Wisconsin, and southwestern Minnesota. By presenting all the factors that promote biological diversity and thus enhance prairie communities, then incorporating these factors into a set of clear-sighted management practices, The Ecology and Management of Prairies in the Central United States presents the tools necessary to ensure that grasslands are managed in the purposeful ways essential to the continued health and survival of prairie communities.” (text from University of Iowa Press)

 

The Driftless Reader by Curt Meine

Curt was featured in a panel discussion at our annual conference in 2021.

“The Driftless Reader gathers writings that highlight the unique natural and cultural history, landscape, and literature of this region that encompasses southwestern Wisconsin and adjacent Minnesota, Iowa, and Illinois. The more than eighty selected texts include writings by Black Hawk, Mark Twain, Laura Ingalls Wilder, Frank Lloyd Wright, Aldo Leopold, David Rhodes, and many other Native people, explorers, scientists, historians, farmers, songwriters, journalists, and poets. Paintings, photographs, maps, and other images complement the texts, providing a deeper appreciation of this region’s layered natural and human history.” (text from UW Press)

When Things Happen by Randy Hoffman

Randy is the site steward of The Prairie Enthusiasts’ Hauser Road Prairie.

“Busy families want to have meaningful experiences in nature. This book identifies the best times to view spring wildflowers, bird migrations, insect emergence, mammal birthing, and even meteor showers. In addition, in-depth articles give additional meaning to natural events. Nearly 40 pictures and illustrations support the book.” (text from Randy Hoffman)

With Wings Extended by Greg Hoch

“A century ago, many people had given up on the wood duck, dooming it to extinction along with the passenger pigeon and Carolina parakeet. Today, the wood duck is one of the most familiar and most harvested ducks in the eastern half of the country, and one of America’s great conservation success stories. In With Wings Extended, Minnesota conservationist Greg Hoch introduces readers to a duck they probably recognize but may not know well. Hoch illustrates the complexities of wildlife and habitat management that landowners as well as state and federal wildlife agencies deal with on a daily basis, and takes readers through the life stages of what is largely considered the most beautiful duck in the world. In this fascinating and practical read, Hoch blends the historical literature about the species with modern science, and also shows how our views of conservation have changed over the last century.” (text from University of Iowa Press)

 

Tending the Valley by Alice D’Alessio

In Tending the Valley, Alice chronicles [her husband’s and her own] efforts to return the land to its natural prairie state and to manage their oak and pine woods. Along the way they joined the land restoration movement, became involved in a number of stewardship groups, and discovered the depths of dedication and toil required to bring their dream to fruition. With hard-earned experience and the evocative language of a poet, D’Alessio shares her personal triumphs and setbacks as a prairie steward, along with a profound love for the land and respect for the natural history of the Driftless.” (text from Wisconsin Historical Society Press)

Safe Burning, Safe Learning

Safe Burning, Safe Learning

This article was a collaboration with Jeb Barzen. 

Interested in pitching in to save our fire-dependent ecosystems? The Prairie Enthusiasts’ next prescribed burn crew training will be an online-only class on Wednesday, February 12, 2025 (the first day of our annual conference). Instructors Rob Baller, Scott Fulton, Rob Schubert and Andy Sleger from the Empire-Sauk Chapter will lead this all-day event. Visit the conference page to learn more.

More fire safelyand effectivelyon the ground.

That’s the wish of educator and Wisconsin Prescribed Fire Council member Jeb Barzen. “In Wisconsin we are currently burning 5-10% of our fire-adapted communities that require periodic fire management,” notes Jeb, who is also a site steward for The Prairie Enthusiasts. “The longevity of these remnant ecosystems, that intelligent tinkerers wish to save, is vanishing. Concurrently, we have more landowners (both private and public) that want burning to be done than we have resources to respond.”

To develop more trained fire ecologists, Jeb and co-instructors Rob Nurre, Rob Baller, and Scott Fulton have organized a series of annual prescribed burn classes over the last five years. In 2020, The Prairie Enthusiasts’ Prairie Sands Chapter sponsored two basic burn training sessions in October and November. Despite the unusual circumstances, both classes were a success.

Each class was held outside and followed The Prairie Enthusiasts’ guidelines for events during COVID-19. Class sizes were limited to eight masked students representing a range of ages and backgrounds. The students took notes from lawn chairs spaced apart in the grass while the instructors taught at a distance, using a whiteboard to diagram burn scenarios. Interspersed with these lectures were field explorations of how fuel types relate to fire behavior and weather. Whether or not the weather would allow actual fire was a lesson in itself.

Burn_1.jpg

Outdoor lecture. Photo by Rob Baller

Friends and members of The Prairie Enthusiasts generously offered the use of their private properties for these classes. The October 31 class convened at Cassell Savanna in Sauk County. On this cold and windy Halloween day, the students wore thick hats and long underwear. By the time the second class (at Prairie Hill Farm in Marquette County) rolled around a week later, the weather had changed to 70°F with all sunshine.

Field training at Cassell Savanna. Photo by Rob Baller

Despite the difference in temperature, both weekends were made more complicated by high winds. Live fire was at a minimum; only the students in the second class could practice burning breaks, and only in the shelter of the woods. Even so, the students remained engaged, socially distant, and open to the lessons that these conditions provided.  Students later described the class as “interesting, engaging, enjoyable” and even “the best of the [burn classes] that I’ve taken”.

Nevertheless, two small classes alone won’t solve the problems facing fire ecologists. More frequent and widespread training is required. “Just a few unsafe fires can greatly inhibit our overall ability to burn because the public will not support risky ventures,” Jeb observes. “Ineffective fires also waste limited resources that we can ill-afford to squander… Sponsors of prescribed burn courses provide both fire practitioners and pyroecologists the very basis necessary to succeed at conservation.  We need to do more.”

Field training at Prairie Hill Farm. Photo by Rob Baller